What Is Blockchain Programming?

Blockchain programming is an emerging technology and an in-demand skill that involves designing blockchain applications and technologies. Blockchain technology is a decentralized network of connected assets called "blocks," accessible to everyone on the network, with detailed records of transactions. It’s gaining traction—not just in cryptocurrency but across various sectors. As such, the demand for blockchain developers is increasing. Those with the required skills can command high salaries and a wide choice of career options, especially considering that blockchain technology isn’t widely known by most developers.

Discover more about blockchain programming, including what it is, who uses it, and common applications, before learning the steps you can take to prepare for a career in blockchain programming. 

What is blockchain programming used for?

Developers use blockchain programming to build and maintain blockchains, applications, and associated technology, such as smart contracts, designing blockchain app protocols, and blockchain security. Despite its growing popularity, blockchain remains a relatively new technology. As a result, recruiters in various industries that utilize blockchain are actively seeking professionals with strong programming skills. 

Who uses blockchain programming?

Blockchain developers use blockchain programming to build and manage blockchain, decentralized apps, and smart contracts across various industries. As blockchain becomes more mainstream, software developers can also benefit from building blockchain programming skills, as more recruiters are looking for this. 

You’ll find two main kinds of developers working with blockchain programming: Core and blockchain software. Core blockchain developers work directly on building and maintaining the blockchain, while blockchain software developers build decentralized apps and smart contracts.

What programming languages do blockchain programmers use?

Along with a wide variety of frameworks, browsers, and platforms, you’ll find various programming languages used in blockchain programming. If you are already a programmer, many of these will be familiar. Below are a few examples:

• Java: Java is one of the most popular codes in the world. It is an object-oriented language used to simplify data for the user. It's a popular language for blockchain programming because you only need to write code once, and you can use it anywhere. It is vital in building decentralized apps, interactive websites, and more. 

• Python: Python is another top programming language that is essential for a blockchain programmer. It simplifies and minimizes code while creating blocks. 

• Solidity: Solidity is a contract-based programming language used on the Ethereum blockchain to send and receive information between smart contracts.

• Vyper: Vyper derives from Python and is also used to make smart contracts as an alternative to Solidity.

• Rust: Rust is popular for its high level of security and ability to reduce risks when creating real-world blockchains. 

• Go: Blockchain developers often use Golang, or “Go” for short, to develop smart contracts. This open-source programming language is popular for its scalability, easy maintenance, and ability to run concurrent programs.

Blockchain programmer salary and job outlook 

Blockchain programming skills are in high demand. A 2023 report from DevSkiller suggests that the need for skilled blockchain developers increased by 552 percent in 2022 [1]. This data suggests a positive job outlook along with the growing adoption of technology.

Additionally, roles that utilize these skills command high salaries. The base salary for a blockchain developer averages $100,959 yearly, according to Glassdoor, as of July 2024 [2], and can rise to as much as $186,000.

How to get started in blockchain programming 

If you’re considering a career that uses your blockchain programming skills, such as a blockchain programmer or developer, you must develop the high-demand skills employers seek. In turn, you’ll likely have numerous high-salary options. 

Working in this field requires a robust skill set. Relevant experience and blockchain programmer certifications are also critical elements. 

Education

Having a solid education—with a bachelor’s or master’s degree in areas like information technology or computer science—can provide an excellent starting point. Degree programs help you build the foundational skills and programming knowledge necessary to progress into blockchain technology. Some colleges offer degree programs in blockchain and cryptocurrency, but it is rare and challenging to find.

However, a formal education is only necessary in some circumstances. Many employers place more weight on your ability to demonstrate you have the essential skills needed for the role.

Experience

If you don’t have a degree, you might be able to compensate with experience. A portfolio is an effective tool that helps demonstrate your skills and experience. You can use details from paid professional work, volunteer work, or experience gained through personal projects, hackathons, bootcamps, or internships. Examples of the skills and expertise employers will be looking for in your portfolio include the following:

Programming

Programming skills and experience are essential if you work in blockchain programming. Examples of languages to learn include Java, Python, Go, Rust, Solidity, and Viper.

Understanding of blockchain technology 

To work in blockchain programming, you must have a robust understanding of blockchain, how it works as a ledger, and how to use blockchain platforms and frameworks. 

Smart contract development

Smart contracts are an important part of blockchain programming. These code-based agreements document terms and transactions between buyers and sellers.

Decentralized app development 

Decentralized apps are apps made on the blockchain, also known as DApps. Knowing how to create DApps is an essential function within the role of a blockchain developer and a critical skill for working in this field.

Blockchain programming certification

As blockchain programming is still relatively new in the programming world, it’s extremely helpful to have some certifications to demonstrate that you have the in-demand skills employers are seeking. You’ll find several options for you, along with online courses and certificates. Some examples to consider include:

• Certified Blockchain Developer (CBD): The Blockchain Council

• Certified Smart Contract Auditor: The Blockchain Council

• Certified Ethereum Developer (CED): The Blockchain Council

• Certified NFT professional: 101 Blockchain 

• Certified Web 3.0 Professional: 101 Blockchain

Start developing blockchain skills on Coursera.

As blockchain applications grow, more blockchain programmers are needed to design peer-to-peer technology and blockchain applications. Blockchain programming is a relatively new career path where skilled workers are in high demand, benefiting from high salaries.

Are you looking to work on your blockchain programming skills? A good place to start is by understanding some blockchain fundamentals with the Blockchain Basics course delivered by the University at Buffalo on Coursera. From there, you might consider the Introduction to Blockchain Technologies from INSEAD, also found on the Coursera learning platform.