Learn how to become a database administrator, including education, certification, and experience requirements.
More and more companies are using data management systems to inform decisions, produce products, and target specific audiences every day. Advances in business intelligence (BI) technology have improved data collection and analysis dramatically. The way companies interpret and store data is critical—which is where the role of a database administrator comes in.
Starting a career as a database administrator requires a combination of educational credentials, workplace and technical skills, practical experience, and continued professional development. It’s a popular career choice with a higher-than-average salary, a promising job outlook, and opportunities for advancement. Learn more about how to become a database administrator, including job duties, skills, and career outlook.
According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), employment for database administrators is expected to grow 9 percent between 2023 and 2033, which is much faster than average [1]. This equates to around 9,500 positions per year [1]. Career progression is possible, with many database administrators becoming database architects.
Database administrators are responsible for setting up the database structure and applications according to a company’s needs. These needs typically include data storage, database documentation, database security, and system administration. This ensures the organization and accessibility of data for companies’ strategic gain and the protection of sensitive data. Quick access to critical information is vital for customer service, compliance, and use in business development.
The role of a database administrator varies according to the industry you work in and the type of data you’re managing, but typically you’ll have the following duties:
Identifying user needs and appropriate database tools, such as database management software
Considering the need for storage space, network requirements, and memory when designing database architecture
Planning for database development, database installation, and continued database maintenance
Updating database systems, associated servers, and applications
Creating user profiles and managing access and permissions for database servers
Completing regular functionality tests to measure database performance
Creating database backups and recovery systems to ensure organizational data is secure
Monitoring technical support of databases and documenting complex issues
Using the database to produce queries for business intelligence reports
Database administration calls on a combination of workplace and technical skills to build and manage databases and to work with staff who need access. These include:
Knowledge of computer operating systems
Microsoft Access
Oracle
HTML
SQL
Unix
Sybase
Attention to detail
Ability to prioritize
Logical thinking
Detail-oriented thinking
Problem-solving abilities
Organization
Excellent communication skills
Analytical approach
Many database administrators work in-house, looking after internal databases for a specific company. However, specialties also exist within database administration, breaking the role down into areas focused on by different people. These generally fall into three categories:
The first specialty involves creating and designing databases to suit the user’s needs. This includes using SQL, coding, and tuning. These people usually work for a technology or software development company as part of a team that can create larger systems of which the database is a part. Relevant job titles include database specialist and database analyst.
The second specialty is performance database administration, which concerns optimizing the performance of databases and making tweaks to improve performance. The role is proactive because it focuses on improving performance to avoid problems. Relevant job titles include database administrator, systems administrator, and management information systems (MIS) administrator.
The last specialty is application database administration, which concentrates on integrating applications into databases. This back-end work requires the use of a query language such as SQL. Application database administrators also write and debug programs as well as maintain applications. Relevant job titles include database programmer, database software developer, and database engineer.
Database administration spans industries, so work in this field comes with many choices. You may work in retail, health care, hospitality, or research, to name a few. According to US News & World Report, database administrator ranked as the eighth-best technology job [2] and comes with a good salary, career advancement, and work-life balance.
The role of a database administrator is usually a full-time, office-based position, often as part of an IT team. Being a database administrator can be rewarding but also challenging, with a high responsibility for sensitive data and a need to follow data protection laws. US News & World Report scores database administration a 3.8 out of 10 for work-life balance and a 4.5 for stress [2]. As the career is ever-changing as technology evolves, the role can be exciting, and being adaptable is essential.
Requirements for these roles vary depending on industry, company, and location. 61 percent of database administrators have a bachelor’s degree, 15 percent have an associate degree, and 13 percent have a master’s degree [4]. Relevant areas of study include business, computer science, accounting, and computer information systems. Demonstrating your ability to use specific software and having technical skills beyond what’s taught in a degree are essential. Many companies ask for training or certification in the database software they use in their organization.
Database administrators must demonstrate specific technical skills in addition to holding a degree and certifications. These skills can be from a previous position, such as an entry-level job like data entry or another IT role. You’ll need experience to start your career before you can work up to managing sensitive data.
The value employers place on database administrator certifications is high. Companies require more than a degree and experience, as they want to know that you have relevant database management skills and can use the appropriate database languages. Certification in the right software, management system, or language can set you apart, even if it isn’t a requirement.
Employers sometimes provide on-the-job training and expect database administrators to engage in professional development. Consider the following certifications and online training you may want to pursue:
Oracle Certified Professional (OCP)
IBM Data Science Fundamentals with Python and SQL Specialization
Computer Service Technician (CST)
Microsoft Certified: Azure Database Administrator Associate
IBM Certified Database Associate - DB2 9 Fundamentals
As a database administrator, you can work with database management systems and even prepare for a future role as a database manager. If you’re looking to begin your career as a database administrator, starting with some courses and certificates is a great first step. You can develop a foundation in database management with the IBM Data Science Professional Certificate or Database Management Essentials from the University of Colorado on Coursera to launch your database management career.
US Bureau of Labor Statistics. “Occupational Outlook Handbook: Database Administrators and Architects: Summary, https://www.bls.gov/ooh/computer-and-information-technology/database-administrators.htm#tab-1.” Accessed February 4, 2025.
US News & World Report. “Database Administrator Overview, https://money.usnews.com/careers/best-jobs/database-administrator.” Accessed February 4, 2025.
US Bureau of Labor Statistics. “Occupational Outlook Handbook: Database Administrators and Architects: Pay, https://www.bls.gov/ooh/computer-and-information-technology/database-administrators.htm#tab-5.” Accessed February 4, 2025.
Zippia. “Database Administrator Education Requirements, https://www.zippia.com/database-administrator-jobs/education/.” Accessed February 4, 2025.
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