The course introduces you to cutting-edge research in the economics of AI and the implications for economic growth and labor markets. We start by analyzing the nature of intelligence and information theory. Then we connect our analysis to modeling production and technological change in economics, and how these processes are affected by AI. Next we turn to how technological change drives aggregate economic growth, covering a range of scenarios including a potential growth singularity. We also study the impact of AI-driven technological change on labor markets and workers, evaluating to what extent fears about technological unemployment are well-founded. We continue with an analysis of economic policies to deal with advanced AI. Finally, we evaluate the potential for transformative progress in AI to lead to significant disruptions and study the problem of how humans can control highly intelligent AI algorithms.

The Economics of AI

88 reviews
Recommended experience
Recommended experience
Advanced level
1st Year MA/PhD sequence in economics or similar level of analytical skill at advanced undergraduate level
88 reviews
Recommended experience
Recommended experience
Advanced level
1st Year MA/PhD sequence in economics or similar level of analytical skill at advanced undergraduate level
What you'll learn
how advanced artificial intelligence will affect our economy and our society
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There are 6 modules in this course
Welcome to the Economics of AI! This week, we are starting with an analysis of the nature of intelligence, its relationship to agents and goals, and the basics of information theory. We will also take a quick look at recent advances in AI and what they entail for our economy. These are materials that are not typically covered in economics courses, but they are crucial for understanding the profound changes that AI will trigger in our economy. We will build on them in the economic models that we will cover in the following modules. As you are working through the course materials, please share your impressions in our discussion forum. The forum also has a section in which I want to invite you to discuss the most up-to-date technological advances in AI and speculate how they will affect us.
What's included
15 videos12 readings1 assignment
15 videos•Total 117 minutes
- Introduction•7 minutes
- What is Intelligence?•8 minutes
- Substrate Independence•6 minutes
- Examples of Intelligent Entities•7 minutes
- Agents•7 minutes
- The Teleological Stance•8 minutes
- Goals•6 minutes
- Evolution of Intelligence•15 minutes
- Introduction to Information Theory•5 minutes
- Shannon Entropy•8 minutes
- Information as a Decrease in Uncertainty•8 minutes
- A Brief History of AI•6 minutes
- From the Birth of AI to Deep Learning•10 minutes
- The Human Intelligence Landscape•8 minutes
- Comparing Human and Artificial Intelligence•7 minutes
12 readings•Total 173 minutes
- Tips for Taking this Course•5 minutes
- Additional Resources on Intelligence•10 minutes
- Additional Resources on Agents, Goals, and Intelligence•15 minutes
- Additional Resources on Information Theory•20 minutes
- TensorFlow Playground•20 minutes
- Recent Advances in AI•30 minutes
- Additional Resources on “AI in Context”•20 minutes
- Slides•10 minutes
- Share Your Reflections on Intelligence•30 minutes
- Help Us Spread the Word•5 minutes
- How to Earn a Course Certificate•3 minutes
- Credits•5 minutes
1 assignment•Total 45 minutes
- What Is Intelligence?•45 minutes
Welcome to week 2 of the Economics of AI! I hope that you have enjoyed the material so far, and that it has changed your outlook on AI. This week, we are going back to a more traditional economic theme: how to capture technological progress in economic models.We will pay particular attention to the possibility of labor-saving progress and to the increasing role of information goods, which differ fundamentally from more traditional factors because they are non-rivalrous. Given the growing importance and use of micro data, we will also cover the economics of production networks, which allows us to capture the effects of innovation at a more granular level. Please share your take – including any difficulties that you have with the materials – on the discussion forum. (And if you are on top of the material, I hope you'll go there to help your fellow classmates :)
What's included
20 videos6 readings1 assignment
20 videos•Total 136 minutes
- Module 2 Introduction•7 minutes
- Modeling the Production Process•7 minutes
- Properties of Production Functions•9 minutes
- Isoquants and Factor Price Frontiers•7 minutes
- Modeling Technology•8 minutes
- Parameterizing Technology•11 minutes
- Bias of Technological Change•7 minutes
- Decomposing Technological Change•3 minutes
- Labor-Saving Technological Progress•4 minutes
- The Task-Based Framework of Production•15 minutes
- Tasks, Labor-Saving Progress, and New Tasks•4 minutes
- Information Goods•6 minutes
- A Model of Digital Innovation•7 minutes
- Derivation of Demand Curve•8 minutes
- Economic Effects of Digital Innovation•5 minutes
- Economic Effects of Digital Innovation - Continued•6 minutes
- Public Policy Implications•3 minutes
- Production Networks•9 minutes
- Solving the Problem•9 minutes
- A Version of Hulten's Theorem•4 minutes
6 readings•Total 44 minutes
- Additional Resources on Modeling the Production Process•10 minutes
- Additional Resources on Labor-Saving Progress•10 minutes
- Additional Resources on Data & Information Goods•2 minutes
- Additional Resources on Production Networks•10 minutes
- Slides•2 minutes
- Share Your Reflections on Modeling Technological Progress•10 minutes
1 assignment•Total 60 minutes
- Modeling Technological Progress•60 minutes
Welcome to week 3. After last week’s materials on modeling technological advances, we are turning to their effects on economic growth, which has traditionally been the main driver of people’s living standards. Humanity has spent much of its history in a Malthusian state in which our material means were just enough to survive. The Industrial revolution marked a sea change and gave rise to continuous growth as captured by e.g. the Solow model. Will growth in the Age of AI follow a similar trajectory? Will it give rise to super-exponential growth or a singularity? Or will it throw us back into a Malthusian state?
What's included
12 videos6 readings1 assignment
12 videos•Total 92 minutes
- Introduction to AI and Growth•8 minutes
- Malthusian Stagnation•6 minutes
- Solving the Malthusian Model•8 minutes
- Comparative Statics in a Malthusian World•7 minutes
- Growth During the Industrial Age: the Solow Model•9 minutes
- The Steady State in the Solow Model•7 minutes
- Explaining Growth during the Industrial Age•7 minutes
- AK-Style Endogenous Growth•5 minutes
- Growth and AI: Opening up New Possibilities•4 minutes
- Interview with Phil Trammell on Growth under Transformative AI (Optional)•15 minutes
- Capturing an Economic Singularity•7 minutes
- Modeling Knowledge Accumulation•8 minutes
6 readings•Total 210 minutes
- Preparatory Reading and Slides•120 minutes
- Additional Resources on Malthusian Stagnation•10 minutes
- Additional Resources on Growth During the Industrial Age•10 minutes
- The AI Revolution: The Road to Superintelligence (Optional)•50 minutes
- Additional Resources on Growth in the Age of AI•10 minutes
- Share Your Reflections on AI and Economic Growth•10 minutes
1 assignment•Total 30 minutes
- AI and Economic Growth•30 minutes
Welcome to week 4 of the Economics of AI, in which we will zero in on the implications of technological advances such as AI for labor markets and inequality. We’ll start by looking at the effects of progress on labor markets in a neoclassical model. Next we’ll investigate the scope for technological unemployment and find that we should perhaps be even more concerned about inequality. After going over the developments in labor markets of recent decades, we’ll ask what it would mean for humanity if labor was phased out at in the future.
What's included
12 videos8 readings1 assignment
12 videos•Total 99 minutes
- Introduction to Labor Markets and Inequality•3 minutes
- History of Technology and Labor•13 minutes
- Neoclassical Labor Market Equilibrium•10 minutes
- Technological Progress and Labor Market Equilibrium•10 minutes
- Technological Unemployment: Matching Frictions•9 minutes
- Technological Unemployment: Efficiency Wages•9 minutes
- Decline in the Labor Share•5 minutes
- Skill-Biased Technological Change•8 minutes
- Routine-Replacing Technological Change•6 minutes
- Phasing Out Human Labor•7 minutes
- Individual Losses from Job Displacement•4 minutes
- Work and Meaning•15 minutes
8 readings•Total 115 minutes
- Preparatory Readings and Slides•10 minutes
- Additional Resources on the History of Technology and Labor•10 minutes
- Additional Resources on Neoclassical Concepts and Technological Unemployment•10 minutes
- Why are there still so many jobs?•45 minutes
- Further Readings•10 minutes
- Additional Resources on Developments in Recent Decades•10 minutes
- Additional Resources on Phasing Out Labor•10 minutes
- Share Your Reflections on Labor Markets and Inequality•10 minutes
1 assignment•Total 60 minutes
- Labor Markets and Inequality•60 minutes
Welcome to week 5. We are using this week to examine how economic policy can respond to the economic challenges generated by advances in AI – based on an in-depth analysis of the relationship between technological progress and welfare. The economic policy responses that we’ll analyze include not only measures to enhance efficiency, such as technology policy, antitrust, or intellectual property regimes, but also measures to make the distribution of income more desirable, including pre-distribution and instruments of redistribution such as a UBI. We’ll also investigate how to steer technology into more desirable directions.
What's included
21 videos6 readings1 assignment
21 videos•Total 153 minutes
- Introduction•8 minutes
- Technological Progress and Welfare•7 minutes
- Possibility of Pareto Improvements•6 minutes
- Technological Progress Under Perfect Insurance•8 minutes
- Compensating Losers Under Costly Redistribution•8 minutes
- Technological Progress Under Market Imperfections•8 minutes
- Similarities of Technological Progress and Globalization•2 minutes
- Economic Policy for the Age of AI•7 minutes
- Economic Policy and Utility Possibilities•4 minutes
- Income Distribution•11 minutes
- Managing the Transition to Less Work•3 minutes
- Profit-Sharing: A Windfall Clause•6 minutes
- Pre-Distribution•6 minutes
- The Rents of Innovators•5 minutes
- Competition, IPR and Information Policy•5 minutes
- Technology Policy•13 minutes
- Taxation in the Age of AI•9 minutes
- Redistributive Objectives in Steering Technological Progress•13 minutes
- Steering Technological Progress: Examples•7 minutes
- Steering Progress Towards Non-Monetary Objectives•5 minutes
- Interview with Katya Klinova (Partnership on AI)•12 minutes
6 readings•Total 60 minutes
- Slides•10 minutes
- Additional Resources on Technological Progress and Welfare•10 minutes
- Additional Resources on Economic Policy for the Age of AI•10 minutes
- Additional Resources on Taxation in the Age of AI•10 minutes
- Additional Resources on Steering Technological Progress•10 minutes
- Share Your Reflections on Economic Policy in the Age of AI•10 minutes
1 assignment•Total 60 minutes
- Economic Policy in the Age of AI •60 minutes
Congratulations on making it to the sixth and final week of our course, in which we will focus on two topics that are a bit more futuristic. First, we will examine how to think about an economy in which humans aren’t the only intelligent agents. Second, we will use the tools from economics to analyze the AI control problem. We conclude by highlighting the important role that thoughtful economic analysis can play in creating a better future.
What's included
16 videos5 readings1 assignment
16 videos•Total 122 minutes
- Introduction to The Economics of Transformative AI•6 minutes
- The Agents of Economic Activity•5 minutes
- Towards a Broader Model of Economic Agents•6 minutes
- Examples of Economic Entities•12 minutes
- Malthusian Frontier•3 minutes
- Preferences and Behavior•7 minutes
- Worker-Replacing Machines•10 minutes
- Where Are We On the Frontier?•6 minutes
- Long-Run Viability of Humans•5 minutes
- Measurement of an Economy with AI Agents•8 minutes
- Hacking the Human Brain•6 minutes
- The AI Control Problem•4 minutes
- Delegation and Alignment•12 minutes
- Direct and Social Alignment•9 minutes
- Achieving Social Alignment•6 minutes
- Epilogue: Interview with Joseph Stiglitz•16 minutes
5 readings•Total 50 minutes
- Slides•10 minutes
- Further Readings on An Economy with Non-Human Agents•10 minutes
- Further Readings•10 minutes
- Further Readings on The AI Control Problem•10 minutes
- Share Your Reflections on the Economics of Transformative AI•10 minutes
1 assignment•Total 60 minutes
- The Economics of Transformative AI•60 minutes
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Reviewed on Jan 3, 2022
I have only gone part way through the first weeks courses, but I have to say that this is an excellently designed and taught course. Really well done, Dr. Korinek!
Reviewed on Dec 29, 2023
A little bit challenging but very informative and helpful
Reviewed on Jan 24, 2025
It was really worth it to have a good understanding of economics of AI.